Latin conjugation tool: laudo, laudas, laudat on three stone tablets

Enter a verb and choose tense, mood and active/passive – the tool shows all six persons, singular and plural side by side. Each form is split into stem · tense/mood marker · personal ending and colour-coded, so you see how it is built. Below you will also find every conjugation as a chart.

What is conjugation?

Conjugation means a verb changes its form according to person (1st/2nd/3rd), number (singular/plural), tense, mood (indicative, subjunctive, imperative) and voice (active or passive). The ending tells you who acts, when and how – where English needs a helper verb, Latin packs it all into the single verb form.

The five conjugations

There are five conjugation classes, told apart by the infinitive: 1st (a-conjugation, -are: laudare), 2nd (e-conjugation, long -ēre: monere), 3rd (consonant, short -ere: mittere), the mixed 3rd in -io (capere) and the 4th (i-conjugation, -ire: audire). This is why verbs are learned with their principal parts, e.g. laudo, laudare, laudavi, laudatum.

The three stems

From the principal parts you get three stems that carry all the tenses: the present stem (from the infinitive – present, imperfect, future I), the perfect stem (from the 3rd principal part without -i, e.g. laudav- – perfect, pluperfect and future II in the active) and the participial stem (from the 4th principal part without -um/-us, e.g. laudat- – forms the perfect passive with esse and the participles).

The six tenses and their markers

On the present stem you build the present (laudo), the imperfect with the marker -ba- (laudabam) – in the 3rd, 4th and -io conjugation it is -eba- (mittebam, audiebam, capiebam) – and the future I (1st/2nd conjugation with -b-: laudabo; 3rd/4th with -a-/-e-: mittam, audiam). On the perfect stem you build the perfect (laudavi), the pluperfect with -era- (laudaveram) and the future II with -eri- (laudavero). The present subjunctive takes the marker -e- (1st conj.: laudem) or -a- (the others: mittam); the imperfect subjunctive is simply the infinitive + personal ending (laudarem) – a rule that even works for irregular verbs (essem, vellem).

Active and passive

In the present system the passive is formed synthetically, with its own endings -r, -ris, -tur, -mur, -mini, -ntur (laudor, laudaris …). In the perfect system the passive is periphrastic: PPP + a form of esse. ⚠️ laudatus sum can express two things: the action – “I was praised” / “I have been praised” – or, when the resulting state is meant, “I am praised”. Context decides which reading applies. A small group, the deponents (e.g. sequi “to follow”), has only passive forms but active meaning.

Indicative, subjunctive, imperative

Indicative – the factual mood: something actually happens.
Subjunctive – possibility, wish, exhortation; often rendered with “may, could, should”.
Imperative – the command, only in the 2nd person (lauda! “praise!”, laudate! “praise (pl.)!”).

Why colour stem · tense · person? Latin is systematic

A Latin verb form is a building set: stem + tense/mood marker + personal ending (laud·aba·mus). Once you see the three blocks, you don’t memorise blindly – you understand the form. That is exactly what this tool makes visible – Latin is not a “hard” language, but an unusually systematic one.

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The conjugations in the present

One model verb per conjugation, present indicative active – for reference:

**laudare** (to praise) — 1st conjugation
Person	Singular	Plural
1st person	laudo	laudamus
2nd person	laudas	laudatis
3rd person	laudat	laudant

**monere** (to warn) — 2nd conjugation
Person	Singular	Plural
1st person	moneo	monemus
2nd person	mones	monetis
3rd person	monet	monent

**mittere** (to send) — 3rd conjugation
Person	Singular	Plural
1st person	mitto	mittimus
2nd person	mittis	mittitis
3rd person	mittit	mittunt

**capere** (to take) — 3rd conjugation in -io
Person	Singular	Plural
1st person	capio	capimus
2nd person	capis	capitis
3rd person	capit	capiunt

**audire** (to hear) — 4th conjugation
Person	Singular	Plural
1st person	audio	audimus
2nd person	audis	auditis
3rd person	audit	audiunt

**esse** (to be) — irregular, present indicative
Person	Singular	Plural
1st person	sum	sumus
2nd person	es	estis
3rd person	est	sunt

One verb through all tenses

Here is laudare through all six tenses (indicative active):

**laudare** through all six tenses — indicative active
Person	Present	Imperfect	Future I	Perfect	Pluperfect	Future II
1st sg.	laudo	laudabam	laudabo	laudavi	laudaveram	laudavero
2nd sg.	laudas	laudabas	laudabis	laudavisti	laudaveras	laudaveris
3rd sg.	laudat	laudabat	laudabit	laudavit	laudaverat	laudaverit
1st pl.	laudamus	laudabamus	laudabimus	laudavimus	laudaveramus	laudaverimus
2nd pl.	laudatis	laudabatis	laudabitis	laudavistis	laudaveratis	laudaveritis
3rd pl.	laudant	laudabant	laudabunt	laudaverunt	laudaverant	laudaverint

Conjugating deponent verbs and fieri

Deponent verbs have only passive forms but an active meaning. You learn them from the 1st person singular present (e.g. hortor “I urge") and the perfect (hortatus sum “I have urged"). A special case is fieri (“to become, happen"): it serves as the passive of facere, yet has active forms in the present (fio, fis, fit) and factus sum in the perfect.

**hortor, hortari** (to urge, encourage) — deponent, 1st conjugation
Person	Singular	Plural
1st person	hortor	hortamur
2nd person	hortaris	hortamini
3rd person	hortatur	hortantur

**sequor, sequi** (to follow) — deponent, 3rd conjugation
Person	Singular	Plural
1st person	sequor	sequimur
2nd person	sequeris	sequimini
3rd person	sequitur	sequuntur

**utor, uti** (to use (+ abl.)) — deponent, 3rd conjugation
Person	Singular	Plural
1st person	utor	utimur
2nd person	uteris	utimini
3rd person	utitur	utuntur

**patior, pati** (to suffer, endure, allow) — deponent, 3rd conjugation in -io
Person	Singular	Plural
1st person	patior	patimur
2nd person	pateris	patimini
3rd person	patitur	patiuntur

**morior, mori** (to die) — deponent, 3rd conjugation in -io
Person	Singular	Plural
1st person	morior	morimur
2nd person	moreris	morimini
3rd person	moritur	moriuntur

**nascor, nasci** (to be born) — deponent, 3rd conjugation
Person	Singular	Plural
1st person	nascor	nascimur
2nd person	nasceris	nascimini
3rd person	nascitur	nascuntur

**fio, fieri** (to become, be made, happen) — irregular (passive of facere)
Person	Singular	Plural
1st person	fio	fimus
2nd person	fis	fitis
3rd person	fit	fiunt

Deponents & *fieri* — headword, infinitive, perfect (PPP + esse) and meaning
Headword (1st sg. pres.)	Infinitive	Perfect (1st sg.)	Meaning
hortor	hortari	hortatus sum	to urge, encourage
sequor	sequi	secutus sum	to follow
utor	uti	usus sum	to use (+ abl.)
patior	pati	passus sum	to suffer, endure, allow
morior	mori	mortuus sum	to die
nascor	nasci	natus sum	to be born
fio	fieri	factus sum	to become, be made, happen

Frequently asked questions

How do you conjugate a Latin verb?

Determine the conjugation (from the infinitive), build the present, perfect and PPP stems from the principal parts, and add the tense/mood marker and the personal ending. The tool above does this for every tense, mood and for active/passive automatically.

How do I recognise the conjugation?

From the infinitive: -are (1st), long -ēre (2nd), short -ere (3rd), -ere with 1st person in -io (3rd in -io), -ire (4th). That is why verbs are learned with their principal parts.